The concept of the «New Islamic Civilization» ,as the greatest aspiration of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, has deep historical roots and a geographical scope that spans the entire world. Understanding the essence of this concept requires an awareness of the contexts and starting points from which it originated. The exploration of these backgrounds, which is a blend of both intellectual and historical foundations, forms the central issue of this study. This research, conducted independently and not alongside other topics, addresses this issue and seeks to answer the question: «On what intellectual and historical foundations and contexts was Imam Khomeini’s theory of Islamic civilization revival developed?» Using the method of historical comparative analysis (CHA), the study examines the evolutionary movement of history within a timeline that begins with the creation of mankind. Based on the findings, the study reveals that the elevating movement of the prophets, through six key elements, established the prophetic civilization as the foundation for the Islamic civilization. The comprehensive movement of the Ahl al-Bayt (the family of the Prophet) played a crucial role in consolidating and deepening the roots of this prophetic civilization. The golden age of Islamic civilization is presented in three forms: the creation of lived experiences, the creation of hope and belief, and the creation of accumulated resources of civilization. Islamic awakening at both the regional and Iranian levels, and finally, the victory of the Islamic Revolution with its civilizational essence in both its emergence and survival, have formed the intellectual and historical contexts for the revival of Islamic civilization.